Winter weather can cause additional concerns for diabetic patients with neuropathy—the nerve damage in the extremities (most commonly the feet) that reduces the ability to feel pain, heat, or injury.
Cold weather reduces blood flow, which lowers the oxygen and nutrients going to your feet and increases nerve sensitivity. This can result in experiencing more nerve pain while aggravating symptoms like burning, tingling, and numbness. The cold, dry winter climate, along with the effects of indoor heating, can also cause a surge in blood sugar and raise the likelihood of skin dryness, fissures, and potential infection.
One lesser-known but serious complication of diabetes-related neuropathy is Charcot foot—something worth being mindful of, as early detection can make a big difference.
What Is Charcot Foot?
Charcot foot (pronounced “shar-ko”) is a condition that affects the bones, joints, and soft tissues of the foot and ankle. It happens most often in people who have peripheral neuropathy.
Because of that loss of feeling, injuries like a sprain or tiny fracture can go unnoticed and ultimately lead to Charcot foot, where the bones can weaken and even collapse – resulting in swelling, redness, warmth, and deformity.
As its symptoms can resemble more common conditions like gout, cellulitis, or a sprain, a correct diagnosis can sometimes be difficult to obtain. But there are usually other symptoms present to indicate you may have Charcot foot.
Warning Signs to Watch For
If you have diabetes, check your feet every day and contact your podiatrist right away if you notice:
- Swelling or redness that appears suddenly.
- One foot feels warmer than the other.
- Changes in the shape or arch of your foot.
- Unexplained pain, even if it’s mild.
Monitoring and Ongoing Care
If Charcot foot is suspected, your podiatrist will take immediate steps to protect your foot and prevent further damage. The main goals of treatment are to stop the bone from collapsing, allow it to heal in the proper position, and keep you walking safely in the future.
Regular visits are essential. Your podiatrist will monitor healing with repeat X-rays, check your circulation and nerve function, and look for early warning signs of recurrence. Since Charcot can return or affect the other foot, lifelong vigilance is important.
Throughout the process, continue to check your feet daily for any new abnormalities. Even if your foot doesn’t hurt, swelling or redness can signal a problem. Continue seeing your podiatrist regularly, and always wear the proper shoes.
Remember: Taking care of your feet is an important part of managing diabetes. If something doesn’t look or feel right, trust your instincts and get it checked. Early attention can protect your mobility—and your quality of life.
Dr. Michelle Castiello is a podiatrist at Scarsdale Medical Group, seeing patients at 600 Mamaroneck Avenue, Suite 102 in Harrison. To make an appointment, call 914-723-8100.